Which of the following is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) among young, sexually active people?

Which of the following is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) among young, sexually active people?

a) Chlamydia
b) Human papillomavirus (HPV)
c) Trichomoniasis
d) Gonorrhea

Answer: B

Which of the following statements reflects the nursing management of the patient with West Nile virus infection?

Which of the following statements reflects the nursing management of the patient with West Nile virus infection?

a) Transmission of West Nile virus is from human-to-human.
b) The incubation period for the virus is three to five days.
c) Patients with West Nile virus present with gastrointestinal complaints, such as nausea,vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
d) There is no treatment for West Nile virus infection.

Answer: D

Which of the following is the most frequent cause of diarrheal disease worldwide?

Which of the following is the most frequent cause of diarrheal disease worldwide?

a) Shigella infection
b) Campylobacter infection
c) Salmonella infection
d) Escherichia coli

Answer: B

Which type of sexually transmitted disease is the nurse most accurate to highlight in the client's history as it remains dormant in the body and can reoccur at any time?

Which type of sexually transmitted disease is the nurse most accurate to highlight in the client's history as it remains dormant in the body and can reoccur at any time?

a) Herpes infection
b) Syphilis
c) Gonorrhea
d) Chlamydia

Answer: A

The nurse is educating a group of people on hepatitis B. One participant asks what is the usual incubation period for hepatitis B. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

The nurse is educating a group of people on hepatitis B. One participant asks what is the usual incubation period for hepatitis B. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

a) "15 to 50 days"
b) "Varies from days to years"
c) "45 to 160 days"
d) "6 to 9 months"

Answer: C

Max Thornton, a 24-year-old chef, is being seen by a physician at the urology group where you practice nursing. He has developed a painless ulcer on his penis and is rather concerned about his health. The urologist will be communicating his diagnosis of syphilis and prescribing treatment. What would you expect the physician prescribe as treatment?

Max Thornton, a 24-year-old chef, is being seen by a physician at the urology group where you practice nursing. He has developed a painless ulcer on his penis and is rather concerned about his health. The urologist will be communicating his diagnosis of syphilis and prescribing treatment. What would you expect the physician prescribe as treatment?

a) IV penicillin G—single dose
b) Oral penicillin G—single dose
c) IV tetracycline
d) IV penicillin G—multiple dosing

Answer: A

Students are reviewing information related to the various types of vulvovaginal infections. They demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as the most common cause of vulvovaginal infections?

Students are reviewing information related to the various types of vulvovaginal infections. They demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as the most common cause of vulvovaginal infections? 

a) Desquamative vaginitis
b) Candidiasis
c) Trichomoniasis
d) Bacterial vaginosis

Answer: D

When developing a teaching plan for a client with syphilis, which of the following would be most important to include?

When developing a teaching plan for a client with syphilis, which of the following would be most important to include? 

a) Sexual contact can be resumed after treatment.
b) Oral therapy needs to continue after the initial injection.
c) Condoms have little effect in preventing the transmission of the disease.
d) With proper treatment, the disease can eventually be cured.

Answer: D

Which instruction should be given to a woman newly diagnosed with genital herpes?

Which instruction should be given to a woman newly diagnosed with genital herpes?

a) Limit stress and emotional upset as much as possible.
b) Have your partner use a condom when lesions are present.
c) Use a water-soluble lubricant for relief of pruritus.
d) Obtain a Papanicolaou (Pap) test every 3 years.

Answer: A

A nurse is caring for the following clients who have a history of genital herpes infection. Which client is most at risk for an outbreak of genital herpes?

A nurse is caring for the following clients who have a history of genital herpes infection. Which client is most at risk for an outbreak of genital herpes?

a) A client who complains of dysuria and lymphadenopathy
b) A client who complains of a headache and fever
c) A client who complains of genital pruritus and paresthesia
d) A client who complains of vaginal and urethral discharge

Answer: C

Which of the following statements holds true for a client with untreated genital warts? Choose the correct option.

Which of the following statements holds true for a client with untreated genital warts? Choose the correct option.

a) Untreated genital warts may lead to AIDS.
b) Untreated genital warts do not lead to any other illness and resolve on their own without treatment.
c) Untreated genital warts may resolve on their own, remain unchanged, or increase in size or number.
d) Untreated genital warts do not resolve on their own and increase in size with abscess formations.

Answer: C

Which of the following sexually transmitted infections (STIs) could be transmitted perinatally?

Which of the following sexually transmitted infections (STIs) could be transmitted perinatally?

a) Gonorrhea
b) Chlamydia
c) Trichomoniasis
d) Herpes simplex

Answer: D

SARS is caused by which of following?

SARS is caused by which of following?

a) Salmonella
b) Coronavirus
c) Shigella
d) E. coli

Answer: B

A client is diagnosed with Legionnaire's disease. The nurse anticipates which medication to be prescribed?

A client is diagnosed with Legionnaire's disease. The nurse anticipates which medication to be prescribed? 

a) Penicillin G benzathine
b) Azithromycin
c) Ceftriaxone
d) Trimethoprim sulfate

Answer: B

Which of the following is the usual incubation period (infection to first symptom) for AIDS?

Which of the following is the usual incubation period (infection to first symptom) for AIDS?

a) 3 to 6 months
b) 1 year
c) 10 years
d) 5 years

Answer: C

A group of students are reviewing class material on sexually transmitted infections in preparation for a test. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as the cause of condylomata?

A group of students are reviewing class material on sexually transmitted infections in preparation for a test. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as the cause of condylomata?

a) Human papilloma virus
b) Haemophilus ducreyi bacillus
c) Treponema pallidum
d) Herpes virus

Answer: A

The nurse has been teaching a client with genital herpes how to care for the lesions. Which of the following statements by the client indicates that she needs additional instruction?

The nurse has been teaching a client with genital herpes how to care for the lesions. Which of the following statements by the client indicates that she needs additional instruction?

a) "It's important that I drink plenty of fluids."
b) "I'll use a sitz bath to decrease the inflammation of the sores."
c) "I can use a hair dryer to dry the lesions as long as I use a cool setting."
d) "I'll wear occlusive underwear to prevent transmission of the virus."

Answer: D

A client has been admitted with diarrhea. He has mild dehydration (less than 5%). The nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of the stool specimen, as indicated in the following:

A client has been admitted with diarrhea. He has mild dehydration (less than 5%). The nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of the stool specimen, as indicated in the following:

WBC: Mildly elevated
RBC: Few
Bacteria: Positive for Escherichia coli
Ova and parasites: Negative

Based on the laboratory report, what should the nurse do first?


a) Instruct the family to wash all family bed linens in hot water.
b) Institute enteric precautions.
c) Clean and protect the anal area.
d) Start an I.V. infusion.

Answer: B

A physician tells a client to return 1 week after treatment to have a repeat culture done to verify the cure. This order would be appropriate for a woman with which condition?

A physician tells a client to return 1 week after treatment to have a repeat culture done to verify the cure. This order would be appropriate for a woman with which condition?

a) Gonorrhea
b) Syphilis
c) Genital herpes
d) Genital warts

Answer: A

Which of the following describes microorganisms present without host interference or interaction?

Which of the following describes microorganisms present without host interference or interaction?

a) Colonization
b) Reservoir
c) Infectious disease
d) Infection

Answer: A

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a female client experiencing her first outbreak of genital herpes. Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse most likely identify as the priority?

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a female client experiencing her first outbreak of genital herpes. Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse most likely identify as the priority? 

a) Hyperthermia related to body's response to an infectious process
b) Deficient knowledge related to the disease and its transmission
c) Acute pain related to the development of the genital lesions
d) Ineffective coping related to the increased stress associated with the infection

Answer: C

Which of the following terms describes the time interval after primary infection when a microorganism lives within the host without producing clinical evidence?

Which of the following terms describes the time interval after primary infection when a microorganism lives within the host without producing clinical evidence?

a) Latency
b) Incubation period
c) Virulence
d) Susceptibility

Answer: A

Painless chancre or ulcerated lesions are associated with which systemic disease?

Painless chancre or ulcerated lesions are associated with which systemic disease?

a) Urticaria
b) Syphilis
c) Kaposi's sarcoma
d) Psoriasis

Answer: B

An instructor is teaching a group of students about the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and those that must be reported by law. The instructor determines that the students have understood the information when they state that which STI must be reported?

An instructor is teaching a group of students about the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and those that must be reported by law. The instructor determines that the students have understood the information when they state that which STI must be reported?

a) Condylomata acuminata
b) Hepatitis B
c) Genital herpes
d) Syphilis

Answer: D

A client has diagnosed with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. When developing the client's plan of care, the nurse would include which of the following?

A client has diagnosed with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. When developing the client's plan of care, the nurse would include which of the following? 

a) Administration of prescribed vancomycin
b) Implementation of droplet precautions
c) Preparation for removal of vascular access device
d) Institution of strict aseptic technique for care

Answer: A

The nurse is instructing an adolescent female on potential vaccinations available. Which vaccination would the nurse state that decreases the risk of cervical cancer?

The nurse is instructing an adolescent female on potential vaccinations available. Which vaccination would the nurse state that decreases the risk of cervical cancer?

a) Meningococcal
b) Herpes zoster
c) Human papilloma viral (HPV)
d) Hepatitis B

Answer: C

Which of the following can be used for rehydration therapy for diarrheal disorders?

Which of the following can be used for rehydration therapy for diarrheal disorders?

a) Undiluted apple juice
b) Sports drinks
c) Gelatin
d) Oral rehydration solution (ORS)

Answer: D

You are caring for a client with breast cancer who has been receiving chemotherapy. The client was admitted with an infected lesion on her left leg. The physician has ordered Neupogen. What will Neupogen do for this client?

You are caring for a client with breast cancer who has been receiving chemotherapy. The client was admitted with an infected lesion on her left leg. The physician has ordered Neupogen. What will Neupogen do for this client?

a) Increase white blood cell production
b) Increase platelet count
c) Boost red blood cell production
d) Boost the immune system

Answer: A & D.

A child is brought to the emergency department by his parents. The child has been experiencing significant diarrhea over the past 36 hours. Further evaluation reveals infectious diarrhea with moderate dehydration. The physician orders oral rehydration solution, 100 mL/kg over the next 4 hours. The child weighs 77 lbs. How much would the nurse expect to administer?

A child is brought to the emergency department by his parents. The child has been experiencing significant diarrhea over the past 36 hours. Further evaluation reveals infectious diarrhea with moderate dehydration. The physician orders oral rehydration solution, 100 mL/kg over the next 4 hours. The child weighs 77 lbs. How much would the nurse expect to administer?

Answer: 3500 

Which stage or period of syphilis occurs when the infected person has no signs or symptoms of syphilis?

Which stage or period of syphilis occurs when the infected person has no signs or symptoms of syphilis?

a) Tertiary
b) Latency
c) Secondary
d) Primary

Answer: B

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local community group in a small rural area about hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Which of the following would the nurse suggest as a major prevention strategy?

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local community group in a small rural area about hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Which of the following would the nurse suggest as a major prevention strategy? 

a) Vaccinating infants and children
b) Eliminating rodent food sources in areas near humans
c) Avoiding whirlpool spas
d) Wearing insect repellent

Answer: B

A patient presents with vulvar itching and diffuse green vaginal discharge. Upon evaluation, she is prescribed metronidazole (Flagyl). What is the paramount nursing intervention in discharge planning?

A patient presents with vulvar itching and diffuse green vaginal discharge. Upon evaluation, she is prescribed metronidazole (Flagyl). What is the paramount nursing intervention in discharge planning?

a) Counsel the patient to refrain from sex for 1 week.
b) Instruct the patient not to drink alcohol with this treatment.
c) Advise the patient to take medication with a glass of milk.
d) Reassure the patient further sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing is not indicated.

Answer: B

A client comes to the clinic and informs the nurse that he has a "painful area under his armpit."The nurse observes a 2-cm raised area that is exothermic and has a white substance inside of it. What does the nurse suspect the patient may be experiencing?

A client comes to the clinic and informs the nurse that he has a "painful area under his armpit."The nurse observes a 2-cm raised area that is exothermic and has a white substance inside of it. What does the nurse suspect the patient may be experiencing?

a) A cancerous tumor
b) An abscess
c) A lesion
d) A fluid-filled vesicle

Answer: B

The nurse is providing care to a client who has been diagnosed with gonorrhea. The nurse also prepares the client for treatment of which of the following?

The nurse is providing care to a client who has been diagnosed with gonorrhea. The nurse also prepares the client for treatment of which of the following? 

a) Human immunodeficiency virus
b) Chlamydia
c) Syphilis
d) Herpes simplex

Answer: B

In which group is it most important for the client to understand the importance of an annual Papanicolaou test?

In which group is it most important for the client to understand the importance of an annual Papanicolaou test?

a) Clients infected with the human papillomavirus (HPV)
b) Clients with a pregnancy before age 20
c) Clients with a history of recurrent candidiasis
d) Clients with a long history of hormonal contraceptive use

Answer: A

Flu and cold season offer excellent examples of physiologic reflexes to ward off illness. One problem is that an effective mechanical defense for one person can complete a link in the chain of infection for someone else. To which link is the above referring?

Flu and cold season offer excellent examples of physiologic reflexes to ward off illness. One problem is that an effective mechanical defense for one person can complete a link in the chain of infection for someone else. To which link is the above referring?

a) Infectious agent
b) Means of transmission
c) Reservoir
d) Portal of entry

Answer: B

A nurse is assessing a client who may be in the early stages of dehydration. Early manifestations of dehydration include:

A nurse is assessing a client who may be in the early stages of dehydration. Early manifestations of dehydration include:

a) coma or seizures.
b) sunken eyeballs and poor skin turgor.
c) thirst or irritability.
d) increased heart rate with hypotension.

Answer: C

A nurse is preparing to insert a peripheral intravenous access device into the arm of a client. When preparing the skin for insertion, which of the following should the nurse use to prevent possible health-care associated bloodstream infections?

A nurse is preparing to insert a peripheral intravenous access device into the arm of a client. When preparing the skin for insertion, which of the following should the nurse use to prevent possible health-care associated bloodstream infections? 

a) Alcohol
b) Normal saline
c) Povidone-iodine
d) Chlorhexidine

Answer: D

Which of the following is a term used to describe microorganisms present without host interference or interaction?

Which of the following is a term used to describe microorganisms present without host interference or interaction?

a) Colonization
b) Reservoir
c) Normal flora
d) Infection

Answer: A

A nurse would implement droplet precautions for a client with which condition? Select all that apply.

A nurse would implement droplet precautions for a client with which condition? Select all that apply. 

a) Mumps
b) Ebola virus
c) Scabies
d) Parvovirus B 19
e) Pertussis

Answer: A, D & E.

The nurse is caring for a client with genital herpes experiencing a reoccurrence. Which nursing diagnosis would be the priority?

The nurse is caring for a client with genital herpes experiencing a reoccurrence. Which nursing diagnosis would be the priority?

a) Anxiety
b) Powerlessness
c) Impaired Skin Integrity
d) Knowledge Deficit

Answer: C

A client is hospitalized with a Clostridium difficile infection. Which of the following would the nurse include when providing care to this client?

A client is hospitalized with a Clostridium difficile infection. Which of the following would the nurse include when providing care to this client? 

a) Gloves and gowns for all client contact
b) Alcohol-based products for hand hygiene
c) Ammonia-based solutions for spill clean-up
d) Droplet precautions

Answer: A

A nurse is assessing a woman with vaginal discharge. The nurse suspects bacterial vaginosis when the client states which of the following?

A nurse is assessing a woman with vaginal discharge. The nurse suspects bacterial vaginosis when the client states which of the following? 

a) "The discharge is yellowish but thin."
b) "The discharge looks almost like cottage cheese."
c) "I've been experiencing some really intense itching."
d) "I noticed a strange fishy odor during my period."

Answer: D

Symptoms of pelvic infection usually begin with which of the following?

Symptoms of pelvic infection usually begin with which of the following?

a) Fever
b) Anorexia
c) Dyspareunia
d) Headache

Answer: C

Which of the following describes host interaction with an organism?

Which of the following describes host interaction with an organism?

a) Colonization
b) Infectious disease
c) Infection
d) Reservoir

Answer: C

A client is in the acute care facility for the administration of intravenous (IV) antibiotics to treat bacterial pneumonia. The client begins to have severe diarrhea 3 days after the IV antibiotics with abdominal cramping and pain. What does the nurse suspect the client has developed due to the antibiotic use?

A client is in the acute care facility for the administration of intravenous (IV) antibiotics to treat bacterial pneumonia. The client begins to have severe diarrhea 3 days after the IV antibiotics with abdominal cramping and pain. What does the nurse suspect the client has developed due to the antibiotic use?

a) A helminth infection
b) An allergic reaction to the antibiotic
c) Pseudomembranous colitis
d) Food poisoning

Answer: C

The nurse is caring for a client who has acquired immunodeficiency disease (AIDS) and has developed oral thrush. What type of infection is the nurse aware that has developed due to the immunocompromised state of the client?

The nurse is caring for a client who has acquired immunodeficiency disease (AIDS) and has developed oral thrush. What type of infection is the nurse aware that has developed due to the immunocompromised state of the client?

a) Secondary
b) Opportunistic
c) Acute
d) Chronic

Answer: B

A patient diagnosed with influenza is admitted to the hospital. Which of the following transmission-based precautions should the nurse initiate?

A patient diagnosed with influenza is admitted to the hospital. Which of the following transmission-based precautions should the nurse initiate?

a) Airborne
b) Droplet
c) Contact
d) Neutropenic

Answer: B

Which of the following medications are used to suppress viral load of the HSV-2 infection?

Which of the following medications are used to suppress viral load of the HSV-2 infection?

a) Clindamycin (Cleocin)
b) Penicillin
c) Metronidazole (Flagyl)
d) Acyclovir (Zovirax)

Answer: D

The nurse is presenting a community lecture about STIs. She emphasizes that some STIs are easily cured with early and adequate treatment. Which of the following is not among these easily treated diseases?

The nurse is presenting a community lecture about STIs. She emphasizes that some STIs are easily cured with early and adequate treatment. Which of the following is not among these easily treated diseases?

a) Gonorrhea
b) Chlamydia
c) Genital herpes
d) Syphilis

Answer: C

In addition to standard precaution, contact precautions should be implemented for which of the following?

In addition to standard precaution, contact precautions should be implemented for which of the following?

a) Impetigo
b) Varicella
c) Measles
d) TB

Answer: A

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a female client following inpatient therapy for a gonorrhea infection. The client is being discharged on doxycycline (Vibramycin) for 7 days. Which nursing instruction is essential for a therapeutic outcome?

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a female client following inpatient therapy for a gonorrhea infection. The client is being discharged on doxycycline (Vibramycin) for 7 days. Which nursing instruction is essential for a therapeutic outcome?

a) Complete all prescribed medication.
b) Take medication on an empty stomach.
c) Use an alternate form of birth control.
d) Obtain a pulse prior to administering medication.

Answer: A

Katrina Sterrett, a 26-year-old preschool teacher, is being seen by a physician who is part of the internist group where you practice nursing. She is undergoing her annual physical and is having many lab tests done as a condition of her employment and upcoming wedding. She is returning for her results and is devastated to learn that she has the sexually transmitted infection, gonorrhea. What would contribute to the ignorance of her condition?

Katrina Sterrett, a 26-year-old preschool teacher, is being seen by a physician who is part of the internist group where you practice nursing. She is undergoing her annual physical and is having many lab tests done as a condition of her employment and upcoming wedding. She is returning for her results and is devastated to learn that she has the sexually transmitted infection, gonorrhea. What would contribute to the ignorance of her condition?

a) Knowing the signs and symptoms of STIs
b) Being sexually inactive
c) All options are correct.
d) Being asymptomatic

Answer: D

A client visits the clinic with the complaint of a circular rash on the upper right arm. The rash is diagnosed as tinea corporis. What type of infection does the nurse anticipate the client will be treated for?

A client visits the clinic with the complaint of a circular rash on the upper right arm. The rash is diagnosed as tinea corporis. What type of infection does the nurse anticipate the client will be treated for?

a) Rickettsiae
b) Protozoans
c) Fungus

d) Mycoplasma

Answer: C

The nurse is giving an educational talk to a local parent-teacher association. A parent asks how he can help his family avoid community-acquired infections. What would be the nurse's best response to help prevent and control community-acquired infections?

The nurse is giving an educational talk to a local parent-teacher association. A parent asks how he can help his family avoid community-acquired infections. What would be the nurse's best response to help prevent and control community-acquired infections?

a) "Encourage your family to stop smoking."
b) "Encourage your family to adopt a healthy diet and exercise regimen."
c) "Make sure your family has regular checkups."
d) "Make sure your family has all their childhood immunizations."

Answer: D

Your client was admitted to your unit for observation regarding possible sepsis. As her nurse, you monitor her carefully and are to report any suspicious findings, which could indicate the development of systemic infection. What would be your primary nursing tasks in this effort?

Your client was admitted to your unit for observation regarding possible sepsis. As her nurse, you monitor her carefully and are to report any suspicious findings, which could indicate the development of systemic infection. What would be your primary nursing tasks in this effort?

a) Encourage the client to perform the mild activity.
b) Monitor your client's vital signs.
c) Observe the client's mental status.
d) Limit the client's fluid intake.

Answer: B