When caring for a patient with liver disease, the nurse recognizes the need to prevent bleeding resulting from altered clotting factors and rupture of varices. Which nursing interventions would be appropriate to achieve this outcome (select all that apply)?
A. Use smallest gauge needle possible when giving injections or drawing blood.
B. Teach patient to avoid straining at stool, vigorous blowing of nose, and coughing.
C. Advise patient to use soft-bristle toothbrush and avoid ingestion of irritating food.
D. Apply gentle pressure for the shortest possible time period after performing venipuncture.
E. Instruct patient to avoid aspirin and NSAIDs to prevent hemorrhage when varices are present.
Answer:
A. Use smallest gauge needle possible when giving injections or drawing blood.
B. Teach patient to avoid straining at stool, vigorous blowing of nose, and coughing.
C. Advise patient to use soft-bristle toothbrush and avoid ingestion of irritating food.
E. Instruct patient to avoid aspirin and NSAIDs to prevent hemorrhage when varices are present.
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